High output models can make it easier to overdrive amplifiers to produce a dirty sound, while low output models tend to produce a more clean sound. Different pickups also have different output voltages.
Replacement pickups allow the guitarist to change sounds without buying another instrument (within the limitations of body and strings, of course). The basic rule is always: garbage in - garbage out! And the best pickup is useless when you have a poor guitar body with poor strings. For instance: Mount the same Gibson humbucker on a Les Paul and on a Super 400 CES: you will hear completely different sounds. It transfers the sound material that it gets from the strings and alters it, every model in its own fashion. To be precise: A pickup does not "have" a sound, it only has a "transfer characteristic". Every pickup produces its own sound one may have a piercing metallic quality, and another a warm and mellow sound. In addition to the pickups that come with an instrument, replacement pickups - many of them built by companies that do not build guitars - are also available. There are so many pickups on the market that it is difficult to get a comprehensive overview. Furthermore, the voltage depends on the string's thickness and magnetic permeability, the magnetic field, and the distance between the magnetic pole and the string. A vibrating string induces an alternating voltage at the frequency of vibration, where the voltage is proportional to the velocity of the strings motion (not its amplitude). Pluck a string and the flux changes, which will induce an electric voltage in the coil. With the strings at rest, the magnetic flux through the coil(s) is constant. The magnetic field lines flow through the coil(s) and a short section of the strings. Some pickups have a metal cover for shielding and protection of the coils, others have a plastic cover that does not shield against electromagnetic interference, and still others have only isolating tape for protecting the wire. In many cases these cores are screws, so level differences between strings can be evened out by screwing the core further in or out. Some types have rod or bar magnets inserted directly in the coils, while others have magnets below the coils, and cores of soft iron in the coils. The arrangement of the magnets is different for different pickups. signals such as hum that radiate into both coils with equal amplitude) cancel each other. Because these coils are electrically out of phase, common-mode signals (i.e. Dual coil or "humbucking" pickups use two specially configured coils to minimize this interference. Singlecoil pickups are sensitive to magnetic fields generated by transformers, fluorescent lamps, and other sources of interference, and are prone to pick up hum and noise from these sources. Magnetic pickups work only with steel strings, and consist of magnets and coils. The latter type work with all kinds of strings (steel, nylon, or gut). There are two basic pickup types, magnetic pickups and piezoelectric pickups. I am not affiliated with any manufacturer.
So some corrections of facts will be necessary. I am sorry to say that most pickup manufacturers spread misleading information on their products, in order to make more money and to agitate their competitors. Electrically, though, pickups are fairly easy to understand - so this article will examine the connection between electrical characteristics and sound.
There are lengthy discussions between musicians about the advantages and disadvantages of different models, and for someone who has no knowledge of electronics the subject may seem to be very complicated. An electric bass or guitar's sound depends greatly on its pickups.
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